ARA-290 (16mg)

Description

ARA-290 Peptide (Cibinetide)

ARA-290 peptide, also known as cibinetide or helix B surface peptide (HBSP), is an 11-amino acid peptide derived from the beta domain of erythropoietin (EPO). Unlike the primary function of EPO, which stimulates red blood cell production, ARA-290 focuses on tissue regeneration and repair without affecting red blood cell levels. Researchers believe ARA-290 holds potential regenerative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-nociceptive properties that make it valuable in various therapeutic applications.

Overview of ARA-290 Peptide

Scientific research indicates that ARA-290 peptide activates a tissue-protective receptor (TPR) pathway when tissues are injured. This pathway involves the activation of the innate repair receptor, which consists of the CD131 beta receptor and a subunit from the EPO receptor. ARA-290 may bind to this receptor, potentially reducing nerve pain and allodynia (pain caused by non-painful stimuli). The peptide is believed to exert its effects primarily through this IRR-mediated pathway, supporting tissue repair and offering pain relief.

Chemical Makeup

Molecular Formula: C₅₁H₅₄N₁₆O₂₁
Molecular Weight: 1257.3 g/mol
Other Known Titles: PH-BSP

Research and Clinical Studies on ARA-290 Peptide

ARA-290 Peptide and Nociception

Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels are key players in nociception, responding to thermal, chemical, and mechanical stimuli. Specifically, the TRPV1 channel is activated in the presence of noxious agents, leading to neuropeptide release and generating nociceptive pain signals.(4) A 2016 study(5) explored ARA-290 peptide’s potential to modulate TRPV1 activity. The research suggested that ARA-290 could increase the threshold of TRPV1, potentially inhibiting its activation and preventing neuropeptide release, thus mitigating nociceptive pain. The study involved murine models, using calcium imaging to observe neuronal responses in the dorsal root and trigeminal ganglia. Findings indicated that ARA-290 reduced neuronal responses to capsaicin, a known TRPV1 activator, without affecting other types of heat sensors. These results suggest that ARA-290 could specifically target TRPV1 channels, offering potential for pain management and nociception mitigation. You may also be interested in our related research peptides, including GHRP 2 Peptide, Fragment 176-191, Follistatin 344, LL-37 Peptide, Melanotan 2 Peptide, CJC-1295 DAC Peptide, Adipotide Peptide, MGF peptide, PEG-MGF Peptide, and Vilon Peptide.

ARA-290 Peptide and Retinal Ischemia

ARA-290 peptide has shown promise in protecting endothelial blood vessels, particularly in the context of retinal ischemia and ischemic retinopathies. A recent study(6) investigated ARA-290’s potential to support vascular regeneration by enhancing endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) in retinal tissue. In murine models with induced retinal ischemia, ARA-290 was administered alongside ECFC transplantation. The results indicated that ARA-290 helped reduce inflammation in the ischemic retina, lowering levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β and TNF-α. Moreover, ARA-290 appeared to enhance ECFC function, promoting blood vessel repair without significantly enhancing the effects of EPO (erythropoietin). This suggests that ARA-290 may be a valuable tool for supporting vascular regeneration and reducing inflammation in ischemic retinal conditions.

ARA-290 Peptide and Inflammatory Cytokine Modulation

ARA-290 peptide has been studied for its potential anti-inflammatory effects, particularly in models of pancreatic islet transplantation (PITx), a procedure often hindered by inflammation. A study(7) found that ARA-290 protected pancreatic islets from cytokine-induced damage and apoptosis, promoting cell survival. In murine models, ARA-290 reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α) from macrophages, suggesting a protective effect against inflammatory damage. The peptide’s action may involve the EPOR-βcR complex, which triggers pathways like PI3K-Akt and JAK2-STAT5 to suppress pro-inflammatory gene transcription and promote cell survival. These findings highlight ARA-290’s potential to mitigate inflammatory responses and support tissue repair in transplantation settings.

ARA-290 Peptide and Tissue Protection

ARA-290 peptide shows potential in tissue protection by binding to Tissue Protective Receptors (TPRs), which may help mitigate inflammation and prevent cellular damage. Studies(8) suggest that ARA-290’s action could promote tissue regeneration and accelerate healing, potentially reducing scar formation in injured tissues. This peptide’s ability to protect tissues without affecting cardiovascular or muscular functions makes it a promising candidate for wound recovery and tissue repair applications in experimental models.

ARA-290 Peptide and Immunomodulation via TPR Pathway

The TPR pathway, once activated by ARA-290 peptide, may influence various immune cells, including macrophages. ARA-290 is believed to suppress the release of pro-inflammatory molecules like IL-6, potentially reducing the severity of immuno-compromising conditions.(8) This immunomodulatory effect could offer therapeutic benefits for conditions involving excessive inflammation or autoimmune responses, further establishing ARA-290 as a versatile peptide for immune system regulation.

ARA-290 Peptide and Immunomodulation in Adaptive Immunity

Research(8) has also suggested that ARA-290 peptide might impact adaptive immunity by altering antigen presentation in dendritic cells. This modulation could potentially improve the success of organ transplants by reducing immune rejection. ARA-290’s ability to “fine-tune” immune responses may enable better transplantation outcomes in experimental models, making it a valuable tool for immune system regulation and transplant therapies.

ARA-290 peptide is available for research and laboratory purposes only. Please review and adhere to our Terms and Conditions before ordering.

References:

1. What is Erythropoietin? Home Health Network. https://www.hormone.org/your-health-and-hormones/glands-and-hormones-a-to-z/hormones/erythropoietin
2. Brines M, Cerami A. The receptor that tames the innate immune response. Mol Med. 2012 May 9;18(1):486-96. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22183892/
3. Dahan, A., Dunne, A., Swartjes, M., Proto, P. L., Heij, L., Vogels, O., van Velzen, M., Sarton, E., Niesters, M., Tannemaat, M. R., Cerami, A., & Brines, M. (2013). ARA 290 improves symptoms in patients with sarcoidosis-associated small nerve fiber loss and increases corneal nerve fiber density. Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.), 19(1), 334–345. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3883966/
4. Jara-Oseguera, A., Simon, S. A., & Rosenbaum, T. (2008). TRPV1: on the road to pain relief. Current molecular pharmacology, 1(3), 255–269. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874467210801030255
5. Zhang W, Yu G, Zhang M. ARA 290 relieves pathophysiological pain by targeting TRPV1 channel: Integration between immune system and nociception. Peptides. 2016 Feb;76:73-9. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26774587/
6. O’Leary OE, Canning P, Reid E, Bertelli PM, McKeown S, Brines M, Cerami A, Du X, Xu H, Chen M, Dutton L, Brazil DP, Medina RJ, Stitt AW. The vasoreparative potential of endothelial colony-forming cells in the ischemic retina is enhanced by cibinetide, a non-hematopoietic erythropoietin mimetic. Exp Eye Res. 2019 May;182:144-155. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30876881/
7. Watanabe M, Lundgren T, Saito Y, Cerami A, Brines M, Östenson CG, Kumagai-Braesch M. A Nonhematopoietic Erythropoietin Analogue, ARA 290, Inhibits Macrophage Activation and Prevents Damage to Transplanted Islets. Transplantation. 2016 Mar;100(3):554-62. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26683514/
8. Peng, B., Kong, G., Yang, C. et al. Erythropoietin and its derivatives: from tissue protection to immune regulation. Cell Death Dis 11, 79 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-020-2276-8